The paper¶
Citation¶
Chiama, K., Bednarz, W., Moss, R., Plesch, A., and Shaw, J. H. (2025). "Quantifying relationships between fault parameters and rupture characteristics associated with thrust and reverse fault earthquakes." Earthquake Spectra, 41(5), 3977–4014. DOI: 10.1177/87552930251346434
The article carries a "© The Author(s) 2025" line with no Creative Commons licence, so it is treated here as not open access: nothing is reproduced from the typeset article and its wording is quoted only sparingly. Six of its illustrations are shown here, as the authors' own pre-typeset originals which they are free to share — see Figures from the paper, which also carries their reuse terms.
Using the data? Cite the papers and the archives
If you reuse numbers you found through these dashboards, cite the paper above and the DesignSafe data deposits rather than this site — the dashboards only repackage them. The full list, with DOIs, is under How to cite this data.
Reading the paper itself
It is written for specialists. If you want to follow it, the glossary defines the vocabulary it assumes — including distinct element method (DEM), the simulation technique the whole study is built on, and the measured quantities its figures plot.
Figure → dashboard crosswalk¶
The project maintains a taxonomy of every figure in the paper and the legacy analysis notebooks, grouped by the question each chart answers rather than by its mark type.1 That taxonomy is what the dashboards are built against — each one replaces a family of static figures.
| Paper figure | Question it answers | Dashboard | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fig. 6 | How do the measured characteristics change with slip, under each condition? | Response curves | Published |
| Fig. 13 (scatter panels) | Does the simulation cover the range of real observations? | Model vs reality | Published |
| Fig. 13 (boxplot panels) | How variable are field measurements within each event? | Per-event boxplots | Published |
| — (no figure) | Which parameter pairings are well covered by the data? | Viable Combinations | Published |
| Fig. 14 | What links slip to vertical displacement, and what slip would produce an observed displacement? | Slip regression | Published |
| Fig. 8 | What are typical values and spreads per scarp class? | Distributions | Published |
| Figs. 9–12, 15 | What is the spread of each output, and which input shifts it? | Distributions | Published |
| Fig. 1 | What does surface rupture do to the built environment? | — (photographs) | View figure |
| Fig. 2 | What do the six scarp classes look like, in the model and in the field? | — (illustration) | View figure |
| Fig. 3 | What is a distinct element simulation, mechanically? | — (schematic) | View figure |
| Fig. 4 | What do the six sediment configurations look like? | — (illustration) | View figure |
| Fig. 5 | What exactly is measured on each modelled scarp? | — (schematic) | View figure |
| Fig. 7 | How much does the sediment layering change the result? | — (illustration) | View figure |
Two notes. Figure 8 is the only data chart in the paper whose analysis code sits outside the two legacy notebooks; the authors supplied it separately in September 2026, so the Distributions page now reproduces its statistic rather than approximating it.1 Figure 14 is the one family that needed an analytical pre-compute step (per-dip linear fits, then inverting them to back-project the Kern County measurements) — which is why it stands as its own dashboard, with the fits computed and tested in the data pipeline rather than recomputed in the browser.1
Where the dashboards deliberately differ from the figures
The dashboards are not reproductions, and two differences are worth knowing about. The deformation-zone-width comparison in the per-event boxplots follows the paper's own 50 m selection criterion by default, with the full field range a toggle away — that page sets out what each view answers. And the Distributions page plots counts rather than Figure 15's probability scale, and its mean ± σ panel is a rendering of Figure 8 rather than a copy of it; both are explained on that page.
Where to go next¶
- Glossary — the vocabulary the paper assumes.
- Model vs reality — the interactive form of Figure 13's scatter panels.
- Data — the datasets behind every figure.
Please cite as:
Chiama, K., Bednarz, W., Moss, R., Plesch, A., and Shaw, J. H. (2025). "Quantifying relationships between fault parameters and rupture characteristics associated with thrust and reverse fault earthquakes." Earthquake Spectra, 41(5), 3977–4014. DOI: 10.1177/87552930251346434
If you use the underlying data itself, cite the archives it comes from as well — the DEM experiments are deposited open-access on DesignSafe-CI, and the field compilations carry their own citations. The full list, with DOIs, is under How to cite this data.
Any DOI issued for this site or its source code identifies the software and the website, and does not replace the citations above.
Related work, for the wider project's 3D models — not a source for anything shown here:
Chiama, K., Plesch, A., and Shaw, J. H. (2025). "Along-Strike Variability of Surface Deformation on Thrust and Reverse Fault Ruptures: Insights from 3D Distinct Element Method Models." Seismological Research Letters 96(6), 3473–3489. DOI: 10.1785/0220250173